Artificial Disc Replacement
Artificial Disc Replacement is type of back surgery that involves
removing a degenerated (a weakened disc that releases inflammatory
proteins) or damaged disc in order to implant a new artificial disc.
When discs are injured or weakened, they shrink. The space surrounding
the affected disc narrows, which can pinch and irritate surrounding
nerves, causing neck pain, arm pain, or sciatica (pain and/or burning,
tingling, numbness or weakness that travels from the lower back
through the buttocks and down the back of the leg).
An artificial disc is inserted between 2 vertebrae in the process of
surgically decompressing the spine (elongating the spine to increase
the space between vertebrae). The artificial disc preserves normal
spinal motion and serves as a cushion that helps withstand spinal
pressure that occurs with daily activities. Artificial discs also
decrease the likelihood of premature degeneration of other tissue,
bone, and discs near the problematic area. Artificial disc replacement
surgery is an alternative to spinal fusion surgery, which completely
eliminates motion around the targeted disc space.
Some artificial discs are composed of metal endplates with an
intervening section of plastic. This design allow for motion between
the metal surface and the plastic. Other artificial discs use a metal-
on-metal joint to simulate normal spinal motion.
Cervical
A cervical artificial disk replacement surgery is used to treat arm
and neck pain, weakness or numbness, caused by a herniated disc and/or
bone spurs compressing on the upper nerves of the spinal cord.
Lumbar
Lumbar artificial disc replacement surgery is an alternative to spinal fusion surgery, which eliminates motion around the targeted disc space. Spinal fusion surgery is a form of invasive open surgery (requiring a long incision) that does not always successfully relieve pain. Fusion surgery also takes a relatively long time for healing and recuperation.
The Surgery
During an artificial disc replacement surgery, the affected disc is
completely removed. Any disc fragments or pieces of bone that are
creating problems are also taken away. Next, the surgeon spreads apart
the disc space to the normal height. Using x-rays or fluoroscopy, the
artificial disc is then implanted into the space. The surgery takes
approximately 1 to 2 hours and is performed under general anesthesia
(the patient is asleep). Patients can usually go home within 24 to 48
hours after surgery. Most patients have minimal activity limitations
during their short recovery period.
The best candidates for artificial disc replacement surgery are
healthy adults with strong bones who have pain related to degenerating
or damaged discs, rather than severe arthritis or extensive spinal
stenosis (a narrowing of the spine).
Desert Institute For Spine Care
1635 E. Myrtle
Suite 400
Phoenix AZ 85020
602-944-2900
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www.sciatica.com
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